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Published March 13, 2025, Authored by Dr. Adam Lowenstein

Do you have migraines or headaches? You’ve probably tried it all from pain medication to changing your lifestyle and even your diet. But what if the true problem is not in your triggers, but muscle tension or irritated nerves? The majority of headaches are the result of underlying nerve irritation, and an unsuspecting culprit is migraine Botox. But first, doctors typically use diagnostic injections to determine exactly the cause of the headache.

Does Nerve Compression Cause Headaches?

Does Nerve Compression Cause Headaches

Most of the chronic headaches, such as tension headaches and migraines, are nerve compression-induced. It is so because certain nerves in the head, neck, or shoulder are compressed or irritated by the surrounding fascia (connective tissue), muscles, or even bone structures. When that happens, the nerves pass on pain signals to the brain, and the outcome is regular headaches.

Instead of merely addressing the headache pain, specialists need to know where the headache is coming from. That is where diagnostic injections come into the equation—these allow doctors to test whether nerve compression is actually producing your headaches.

Step One: Diagnostic Injections to Locate the Pain Source
Not necessarily Botox, says Dr. Lowenstein, who is both a headache doctor and surgeon. Rather, it’s an injection of diagnostic lidocaine. Here’s how it works:

✔ Relief in a flash – Lidocaine is injected into the site where the issue is located and becomes effective in 1 to 4 hours.
✔ Pain disappears? That’s a clue! – If your headache actually gets better following the injection, it means that compression of the nerves is responsible for your headache.
✔ If it works, Botox will help – If lidocaine helps to ease your headache, Botox can be used for long-term pain control.
✔ If it does not work, there is likely another issue on the table – If the injection does not relieve pain, it could be that your headaches are due to vascular issues, inflammation, or some other cause, and not nerve compression.

These testing injections are not therapy, but they provide doctors with very valuable information regarding what is causing the headache. If the test works, Botox for migraine may be a great next step.

Step Two: Botox as a Treatment
Once a doctor has ascertained that muscle strain and nerve compression are the cause of your headaches, Botox for migraines is an extended solution. While diagnostic injections, which are only effective for a few hours, Botox will last several months by easing the tension in the muscles causing pressure on the nerves.

How Botox Relieves Headaches

Suppresses nerve signals – Botox prevents the muscles from contracting too tightly, thus easing pressure on the nerves that surround them.
Prevents future headaches – Instead of treating the headache after it hits, Botox prevents headaches from ever taking place.
Long-lasting – The effects are generally seen in a few days and last for three months.

Botox is ideal for most patients as the middle ground—is stronger than medication but not so invasive as surgery.

Do You Qualify for Botox for Migraines?

Botox isn’t for everyone’s headaches. Doctors usually give it to patients who have chronic migraines and meet the following conditions:

✔ You suffer from chronic migraines (15+ headache days a month).
✔ Other medications, like pain medication, have failed to provide you with long-lasting relief.
✔ Your headaches result from muscle tension or nerve compression.
✔ You responded favorably to test lidocaine injections.

What If Botox Doesn’t Work? Exploring Other Treatment Options

What If Botox Doesn't Work

If Botox does not alleviate your headaches, muscle tension may not be the cause. Then, doctors will consider other options, including:

1. Medication Changes
Based on the headache condition, medications might be more effective as preventives or lifestyle changes rather than Botox.

2. Physical Therapy
People with tension headaches due to poor posture may be recommended to do some exercises and muscle therapy.

3. Surgical Decompression
If Botox is impractical, then fascia, blood vessels, or bony structures are pressing against the nerves rather than muscle spasm. In that case, the best option can be surgical nerve decompression.

Surgical decompression is releasing the pressure on the nerve physically, providing permanent relief to patients who are not Botox or drug sensitive.

Headache Treatment Comparison

If you’re considering all of your options, here’s how Botox for migraines compares to other standard treatments:

  • Botox – Will prevent muscle tension and nerve irritation by offering relief for about three months.
  • Pain Medication – Provides temporary symptom relief but doesn’t prevent future headaches.
  • Lidocaine Injections – Used as a diagnostic tool, offering only 1 to 4 hours of relief.
  • Surgical Decompression – A permanent solution for nerve-related headaches when Botox isn’t effective.

For most patients, Botox is a trade-off—good compared to pain relief that only lasts for a few hours but short of surgery.

What Happens After You Get a Botox Shot to Treat Headaches

If you are a candidate for Botox migraine, this is what happens:

Fast Recovery: You can go right back to activities. A few patients do some bruising or swelling where they got the shots, but complications are minimal.

When Will It Begin To Work? Botox is not instant gratification. It will begin to work in a few days and 1 to 2 weeks for optimal effect.

How Long Will The Relief Last? Relief will last around three months, and follow-up treatments will be required after that.

Most good responders to Botox have excellent reduction in frequency and severity of headaches following multiple treatments.

Conclusion

If your headaches have already influenced your way of life, then maybe it is time to consider Botox as an option. Physicians are likely to first provide diagnostic lidocaine injections before administering Botox to determine whether compression of a nerve is causing your headache. If relief, however temporary, is possible with such injections, then Botox may prove to be a very good long-term solution.

But if Botox does not work, don’t lose hope—surgical nerve decompression or other headache treatments could provide you with the long-term pain relief you’ve been hoping for.

Discover if you qualify for Botox for migraines by scheduling an appointment with a headache specialist today and take your first step toward real, long-term pain relief.

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